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3.4.4友元
2026-06-07

4.4 友元#

生活中你的家有客厅(Public),有你的卧室(Private)

客厅所有来的客人都可以进去,但是你的卧室是私有的,也就是说只有你能进去

但是呢,你也可以允许你的好闺蜜好基友进去。

在程序里,有些私有属性 也想让类外特殊的一些函数或者类进行访问,就需要用到友元的技术

友元的目的就是让一个函数或者类 访问另一个类中私有成员

友元的关键字为 friend

友元的三种实现

  • 全局函数做友元
  • 类做友元
  • 成员函数做友元

4.4.1 全局函数做友元#

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
class Building1
{
//告诉编译器 goodGay全局函数 是 Building1类的好朋友,可以访问类中的私有内容
friend void goodGay(Building1 * Building1);
public:
Building1()
{
this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
public:
std::string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
std::string m_BedRoom; //卧室
};
void goodGay(Building1 * building1)
{
std::cout << "好基友正在访问: " << building1->m_SittingRoom << std::endl;
std::cout << "好基友正在访问: " << building1->m_BedRoom << std::endl;
}
void test1()
{
Building1 b;
goodGay(&b);
}
int main() {
test1();
return 0;
}

4.4.2 类做友元#

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
class Building2;
class goodGay2
{
public:
goodGay2();
void visit();
private:
Building2* building;
};
class Building2
{
//告诉编译器 goodGay2类是Building2类的好朋友,可以访问到Building2类中私有内容
friend class goodGay2;
public:
Building2();
public:
std::string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
std::string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
Building2::Building2()
{
this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
goodGay2::goodGay2()
{
building = new Building2;
}
void goodGay2::visit()
{
std::cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << std::endl;
std::cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << std::endl;
}
void test2()
{
goodGay2 gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main() {
test2();
return 0;
}

4.4.3 成员函数做友元#

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
class Building3;
class goodGay3
{
public:
goodGay3();
void visit(); //只让visit函数作为Building3的好朋友,可以发访问Building3中私有内容
void visit2();
private:
Building3* building;
};
class Building3
{
//告诉编译器 goodGay3类中的visit成员函数 是Building3好朋友,可以访问私有内容
friend void goodGay3::visit();
public:
Building3();
public:
std::string m_SittingRoom; //客厅
private:
std::string m_BedRoom;//卧室
};
Building3::Building3()
{
this->m_SittingRoom = "客厅";
this->m_BedRoom = "卧室";
}
goodGay3::goodGay3()
{
building = new Building3;
}
void goodGay3::visit()
{
std::cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << std::endl;
std::cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << std::endl;
}
void goodGay3::visit2()
{
std::cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_SittingRoom << std::endl;
//std::cout << "好基友正在访问" << building->m_BedRoom << std::endl;
}
void test3()
{
goodGay3 gg;
gg.visit();
}
int main() {
test3();
return 0;
}
3.4.4友元
https://www.atsuko.top/posts/dark-horse/c++/core/344-youyuan/
作者
AC_DB
发布于
2026-06-07
许可协议
CC BY-NC-SA 4.0

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